Leopard Tortoise Care Sheet

Leopard tortoises (Stigmochelys pardalis) are beautiful and fascinating reptiles native to the savannas and grasslands of southern and eastern Africa. They are known for their stunning shell patterns and can become quite large over time. Proper care is essential to ensure the well-being and longevity of these gentle creatures. Below is a care sheet for leopard tortoises:

1. Enclosure

• Indoor Setup: For young leopard tortoises, an indoor enclosure is recommended. As they grow, they will eventually need an outdoor pen.

• Size: For a young leopard tortoise, start with a 40-gallon enclosure (approximately 36" x 18" x 18"), and as they grow, they will require larger spaces. An adult enclosure should be at least 8ft x 4ft (240cm x 120cm).

• Material: Glass terrariums are not suitable due to poor ventilation. Instead, use wooden or PVC enclosures that offer better insulation and airflow.

• Substrate: Use a substrate of a mix of topsoil, coco coir, and cypress mulch. This will help retain humidity and allow for natural burrowing behaviors.

• Hide Spots: Provide hiding spots using rocks or shelters, allowing the tortoise to feel secure.

2. Temperature and Lighting

• Basking Spot: Maintain a basking spot temperature of 95-100°F (35-38°C) during the day. Use a basking lamp, and ensure there's a cooler area in the enclosure to regulate body temperature.

• Ambient Temperature: Keep the ambient temperature around 80-85°F (27-29°C) during the day and no lower than 70°F (21°C) at night.

• UVB Lighting: Provide full-spectrum UVB lighting for 10-12 hours a day. UVB helps with calcium absorption and prevents metabolic bone disease.

3. Diet

• Leopard tortoises are herbivores, which means their diet should consist entirely of plant-based foods. Providing a varied and nutritious diet is essential for their health and well-being. Here are some safe and suitable foods for leopard tortoises:

• Grasses and Hay: Grasses are a significant part of a leopard tortoise's diet, both in the wild and in captivity. Offer a variety of grasses such as Bermuda grass, timothy grass, and orchard grass. Hay should be available at all times and can be the main component of their diet.
• Leafy Greens: Dark, leafy greens are essential for providing essential vitamins and minerals. Offer a mix of the following greens: collard greens, mustard greens, turnip greens, dandelion greens, kale, and spinach (sparingly due to its high oxalate content).
• Edible Weeds and Flowers: Wild plants like dandelion leaves and flowers, hibiscus leaves and flowers, and mulberry leaves can be added to their diet.
• Squash and Zucchini: These vegetables are excellent sources of hydration and nutrition. Offer them in moderation as a treat.
• Bell Peppers: Red, yellow, and orange bell peppers provide vitamin C and other nutrients. Feed them occasionally.
• Cactus Pads: Prickly pear cactus pads (remove the spines) can be given as a treat.
• Mazuri Tortoise Diet: Commercial tortoise pellets like Mazuri can be offered, but they should not make up the majority of their diet.
• Calcium and Vitamin Supplements: Dust their food with a calcium supplement containing vitamin D3 to ensure proper calcium absorption.

• Avoid feeding the following items as they are not safe for leopard tortoises:

  • Fruits: Although some fruits are safe in moderation, they are generally high in sugar and should be given as rare treats due to their high oxalate content.

  • Animal Products: Leopard tortoises are strict herbivores and should not be fed any animal-based foods, including insects or meat.

  • Toxic Plants: Ensure that the plants and greens you offer are safe for tortoises and have not been treated with pesticides or chemicals.

  Remember to provide a shallow water dish for drinking and occasional soaking. Always wash their food thoroughly to remove any pesticides or residues. A well-balanced and varied diet is key to keeping your leopard tortoise healthy and thriving.

   

4. Enrichment and Handling

• Enrichment: Offer natural items to encourage exploration, such as logs, rocks, and non-toxic plants.

• Handling: Limit handling to a minimum, as tortoises can become stressed by frequent handling.

Recommended BlackBox Cages Enclosures

For a young leopard tortoise, the "BlackBox Cages XA3 BIO24 36x24x24"  enclosure is an excellent choice. Its dimensions and ventilation will suit a juvenile tortoise's needs.

As the leopard tortoise grows, you can transition to the "BlackBox Cages XT8" enclosure, which provides ample space for an adult tortoise to roam comfortably.

Remember to monitor your tortoise's health regularly, and consult with a veterinarian experienced in reptile care if you have any concerns. Providing a proper and enriched environment will ensure your leopard tortoise thrives and lives a healthy life.